Evidence library
PEMF Research
Explore AOPP’s indexed library of published research, clinical studies, reviews, and scientific references related to pulsed electromagnetic fields.
INDEPENDENT · DEVICE-NEUTRAL · EVIDENCE-LED
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616 entries
Effect of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMFs) on Muscular Activation during Cycling: A Single-Blind Controlled Pilot StudyAbstract Purpose: PEMF stimulation results in a higher O2 muscle supply during exercise through increased O2 release and uptake. Given the importance of oxygen uptake in sport activity, especially in aerobic disciplines such as cycling, we sought to investigate the influence of PEMF on muscle activity when subjects cycled at an intensity between low and severe. Methods: Twenty semi-professional cyclists performed a constant-load exercise with randomized active (ON) or inactive (OFF) PEMF stimulation. Each subject started the recording session with 1 min of cycling without load (warm-up), followed by an instantaneous increase in power, as the individualized workload (constant-load physical effort). PEMF loops were … Effect of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMFs) on Muscular Activation during Cycling: A Single-Blind Controlled Pilot StudyRead entry →
24 Prevalence, Usage, and Perceptions of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy (PEMF) in the Equine IndustryMarch 2022 Abstract The use of alternative therapies in the equine industry is increasing in popularity and spans manual manipulation to more progressive forms of technology. Pulsed electromagnetic field therapy (PEMF) has shown to reduce pain and increase range of motion within human and canine medicine. Often, PEMF is touted to improve performance and reduce stress prior to competition, yet little information exists on effectiveness, perceptions, treatment protocols, and therapeutic response within equids. Our objective was to assess how PEMF is administered and perceived therapy impact on equine patients. An online survey (Qualtrics) was disseminated to United States residents over … 24 Prevalence, Usage, and Perceptions of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy (PEMF) in the Equine IndustryRead entry →
A case of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia treated with pulsing electromagnetic fields. 17-year follow-upAbstract Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia presents surgeons with one of the most challenging of all orthopedic problems. Various surgical treatments have succeeded only rarely. We report long-term follow-up of a patient with congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia treated with pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) and bone grafting. In this severe case, Bassett type III and Boyd type II, encouraging results were achieved with Boyd’s dual onlay grafts and PEMF. Seven years after surgery, skeletal maturity was complete and an unacceptable degree of leg shortening had been avoided. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10851354&dopt=Abstract J Nippon Med Sch 2000 Jun;67(3):198-201 Ito H, Shirai Y, Gembun Y. … A case of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia treated with pulsing electromagnetic fields. 17-year follow-upRead entry →
A Case of Successful Treatment of a Patient with Breast Cancer Using a Rotating Electromagnetic FieldThis article reports on the case of a 48-year-old-woman with breast cancer who was treated successfully with magnetotherapy. Infiltration showed a marked decrease following 30 whole body exposures to an eddy magnetic field for 60 minutes. One metastatic node disappeared while the size of others was reduced following 60 such exposures. A total regression of tumor and metastases was seen following the completion of a course of 110 exposures. N.G. Bakhmutskii, et al., “A Case of Successful Treatment of a Patient with Breast Cancer Using a Rotating Electromagnetic Field,” Soviet Medicine, 8, 1991, . 86-87.Read entry →
A Comparative Assessment of the Efficacy of Drug Therapy and Microwave Resonance Therapy for Ulcerative Disease of the DuodenumThis study compared the effects of traditional drug treatment (TDT) to those of microwave resonance therapy (MRT) in patients suffering from duodenal ulcers. Results indicated the mean hospital stay for patients in the TDT group was approximately 22 days. Throughout this period, ulcers healed in 38 percent of patients, were reduced in 17 percent, showed no change in 43 percent, and increased in 2 percent. No pain relief was seen in 32 percent. contrast, mean discharge time for patients in the MRT group was approximately 12 days. Pain was generally stopped in 3-6 days. Complete healing occurred in 81 percent, a decrease … A Comparative Assessment of the Efficacy of Drug Therapy and Microwave Resonance Therapy for Ulcerative Disease of the DuodenumRead entry →
A comparative study of the effects of magnetic stimulation and electric stimulation on peripheral nerve injury in ratAbstract The influence of pulsed magnetic stimulation (MS) on the sciatic nerve injury was investigated. Thirty rats were divided into three groups equally: MS group (A), electric stimulation (ES) group (B) and the control group (C). The MS and ES were applied immediately after the first 10 min of the sciatic nerve crush. Sciatic function index (SFI), toe spreading reflex (TSR), muscular weight and volume were measured after the experiment. The TSR of in the groups A and B occurred at 4th day while in the control group it occurs at 10th day. There was statistically significant difference in SFI … A comparative study of the effects of magnetic stimulation and electric stimulation on peripheral nerve injury in ratRead entry →
A comparison of alendronate to varying magnitude PEMF in mitigating bone loss and altering bone remodeling in skeletally mature osteoporotic ratsAbstract Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) treatments stimulate bone formation activities though further work is needed to optimize its therapeutic benefit. PEMF can generate local potential gradients and electric currents that have been suggested to mimic bone electrochemical responses to load. In line with this reasoning, a recent publication reported that PEMF application on isolated bone tissue induced detectable micro-vibrations (doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2016.2515069). To determine the ability of PEMF to intervene in a rat model of osteoporosis, we tested its effect on trabecular and cortical bone following ovariectomy. Four PEMF treatments, with increasing sinusoidal amplitude rise with time (3850 Hz pulse frequency and … A comparison of alendronate to varying magnitude PEMF in mitigating bone loss and altering bone remodeling in skeletally mature osteoporotic ratsRead entry →
A comparison of rheumatoid arthritis and fibromyalgiaAbstract Specific weak time varying pulsed magnetic fields (MF) have been shown to alter animal and human behaviors, including pain perception and postural sway. Here we demonstrate an objective assessment of exposure to pulsed MF’s on Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Fibromyalgia (FM) patients and healthy controls using standing balance. 15 RA and 15 FM patients were recruited from a university hospital outpatient Rheumatology Clinic and 15 healthy controls from university students and personnel. Each subject stood on the center of a 3-D forceplate to record postural sway within three square orthogonal coil pairs (2 m, 1.75 m, 1.5 m) which generated a spatially uniform MF … A comparison of rheumatoid arthritis and fibromyalgiaRead entry →
A Contact-Free, Biologically Adequate Electromagnetic Stimulation of Repair Regeneration of Osseous, Cartilaginous, and Muscular Tissues in ChildrenThis article reports on the efficacy of a Russian electromagnetic stimulation apparatus termed “Cascade.” The authors state that data from 508 patients suffering from various ailments who were treated with the device indicate it to be anywhere from 75 to 100 percent effective. Examples of conditions in which the device was used include stubborn fractures, post-traumatic contractures, crush syndrome, and Perthes’ disease. S.A. Schastnyi, et al., “A Contact-Free, Biologically Adequate Electromagnetic Stimulation of Repair Regeneration of Osseous, Cartilaginous, and Muscular Tissues in Children,” Vestn Ross Akad Med Nauk, (3), 1994, p. 38-42.Read entry →
A critical review on magnetic stimulation: What is its role in the management of pelvic floor disorders?Abstract This review looks at the acute effects of magnetic stimulation on urodynamic parameters and reviews the data on its use in the management of urinary incontinence. Reported cure rates for stress incontinence immediately after a course of perineal magnetic stimulation range from 12.5 to 52.9% with good improvement occurring in 32% to 41%. However the effect seems temporary and dependent on the number of sessions. Sacral and pelvic floor magnetic stimulation have also been shown to increase cystometric capacity, inhibit detrusor overactivity and resolve overactive bladder symptoms acutely. Persistence of this effect with symptomatic improvement one week after sacral … A critical review on magnetic stimulation: What is its role in the management of pelvic floor disorders?Read entry →
A double-blind trial of the clinical effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields in osteoarthritisAbstract OBJECTIVE: Further evaluation of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF), which have been observed to produce numerous biological effects, and have been used to treat delayed union fractures for over a decade. METHODS: In a pilot, double-blind randomized trial, 27 patients with osteoarthritis (OA), primarily of the knee, were treated with PEMF. Treatment consisted of 18 half-hour periods of exposure over about 1 month in a specially designed noncontact, air-coil device. Observations were made on 6 clinical variables at baseline, midpoint of therapy, end of treatment and one month later; 25 patients completed treatment. RESULTS: An average improvement of 23-61% occurred … A double-blind trial of the clinical effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields in osteoarthritisRead entry →
A Drug Naive Parkinsonian Patient Successfully Treated with Weak Electromagnetic FieldsThis article reports on the case of a nonmedicated 49-year-old male Parkinson’s patient who experienced a dramatic improvement in motor, depressive, and cognitive symptoms following treatment with brief extracranial applications of picotesla-range electromagnetic fields. R. Sandyk, “A Drug Naive Parkinsonian Patient Successfully Treated with Weak Electromagnetic Fields, International Journal of Neurosci, 79(1-2), November 1994, p. 99-110.Read entry →
A Low-frequency Impulse Apparatus for Physical TherapyThis review article notes that treatment with an “Infita” apparatus, used to deliver low-frequency magnetic fields, has been shown to improve general hemodynamics and microcirculation in addition to exhibiting antiinflammatory, sedative, and analgesic effects in Olympic-level Russian athletes. A. Zaslavskii, et al., “A Low-frequency Impulse Apparatus for Physical Therapy ‘Infita’,” Med Tehk, 5, 1994, p. 39-41.Read entry →
A Low-Frequency Pulsed Current and a Low-Intensity Laser Radiation in the Treatment of Acute PancreatitisThis controlled study examined the effects of combining pulsed electric stimulation and laser light with conventional treatment in patients suffering from acute pancreatitis. Results showed the combined therapy to have the most significant effects in patients with severe forms of the disease. O.G. Savina, A Low-Frequency Pulsed Current and a Low-Intensity Laser Radiation in the Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis, Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult, (2), 1995, p. 39-40.Read entry →
A Magnetic Field in the Combined Treatment of Suppurative Wounds in Diabetes MellitusThis study involving 72 diabetics with purulent wounds found that magnetic fields aided healing significantly. R.A. Kuliev & R.F. Babaev, “A Magnetic Field in the Combined Treatment of Suppurative Wounds in Diabetes Mellitus,” Vestn Khir Im I I Grek, 148(1), January 1992, . 33-36.Read entry →
A meta-analysis of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of depressionAbstract BACKGROUND: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has recently been demonstrated to have antidepressant effects. Some work suggests that rTMS over prefrontal cortex administered to healthy individuals produces acute elevations of mood and serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). We sought to determine whether single rTMS sessions would produce acute mood and serum TSH elevations in subjects with major depressions. METHODS: Under double-blind conditions et al 14 medication-free subjects with major depression received individual sessions of either active or sham rTMS. rTMS was administered over the left prefrontal cortex at 10 Hz et al 100% of motor threshold, 20 trains over 10 … A meta-analysis of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of depressionRead entry →
A multivariate approach to the treatment of peripheral nerve transection injury: the role of electromagnetic field therapyAbstract A multivariate approach to the treatment of peripheral nerve transection injury has been used in a rat model. A pilot study (48 animals, 8 groups) examined variables associated with the method and timing of surgical repair, the arrest of wallerian degeneration, and the role of pulsing electromagnetic field therapy (PEMF) in functional recovery. A second phase (90 animals, 6 groups) then studied the timing and duration of pulsing electromagnetic field therapy as the only variable in larger groups of animals. The pilot study revealed that a vein-graft conduit did not improve functional recovery compared with standard epineurial repair. Additionally, … A multivariate approach to the treatment of peripheral nerve transection injury: the role of electromagnetic field therapyRead entry →
A New Method for Treating Chronic Blepharitis Using Magnetic Compounds and an Alternating Magnetic FieldStudy results indicated that using a magnetic ointment containing reduced iron powder, with an alternating magnetic field had beneficial effects with patients suffering from chronic blepharitis. V.A. Machekhin, et al., “A New Method for Treating Chronic Blepharitis Using Magnetic Compounds and an Alternating Magnetic Field,” Vestn Oftalmol, 109(4), July-September 1993, p. 16-18.Read entry →
A Non-operative Salvage of Surgically-resistant Pseudarthroses and Non-unions Pulsing Electromagnetic FieldsIn this study, 29 congenital pseudoarthrosis patients received extremely-low frequency pulsing electromagnetic fields. Results: Over 70 percent experienced full healing, 21 percent experienced healing with need for protections, and 29 percent experienced failure. The majority of failures were among men with a history of early fracture. C.A. Bassett, A Non-operative Salvage of Surgically-resistant Pseudarthroses and Non-unions Pulsing Electromagnetic Fields. A Preliminary Report, Clin Orthop, May 1977, p. 128-143.Read entry →
A Novel Method to Achieve Precision and Reproducibility in Exposure Parameters for Low-Frequency Pulsed Magnetic Fields in Human Cell CulturesPublished October 21, 2o22 Abstract The effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-MF) exposure on living systems have been widely studied at the fundamental level and also claimed as beneficial for the treatment of diseases for over 50 years. However, the underlying mechanisms and cellular targets of ELF-MF exposure remain poorly understood and the field has been plagued with controversy stemming from an endemic lack of reproducibility of published findings. To address this problem, we here demonstrate a technically simple and reproducible EMF exposure protocol to achieve a standardized experimental approach which can be readily adopted in any lab. As … A Novel Method to Achieve Precision and Reproducibility in Exposure Parameters for Low-Frequency Pulsed Magnetic Fields in Human Cell CulturesRead entry →
A Permanent Magnetic Field in the Combined Treatment of Acute Endometritis After an Artificial AbortionResults of this study found that the administration of constant magnetic field in combination with other treatment modalities led to significant beneficial effects in patients suffering from acute endometritis following abortion. V.M. Strugatskii, et al., “A Permanent Magnetic Field in the Combined Treatment of Acute Endometritis After an Artificial Abortion,” Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult, (6), November-December 1996, . 21-24.Read entry →
A randomized controlled trial of the effects of a combination of static and dynamic magnetic fields on carpal tunnel syndromeAbstract OBJECTIVE: To determine if a physics-based combination of simultaneous static and time-varying dynamic magnetic field stimulation to the wrist 4 hours/day for 2 months can reduce subjective neuropathic pain and influence objective electrophysiologic parameters of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). METHODS: Randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of 36 symptomatic hands. Primary endpoints were visual analog scale (VAS) and neuropathic pain scale (NPS) scores at baseline and 2 months and a Patient’s Global Impression of Change (PGIC) questionnaire at the end of 2 months. Secondary endpoints were neurologic examination, median nerve distal latencies (compound muscle action potential [CMAP]/sensory nerve action potential [SNAP]), dynamometry, pinch … A randomized controlled trial of the effects of a combination of static and dynamic magnetic fields on carpal tunnel syndromeRead entry →
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial using a low-frequency magnetic field in the treatment of musculoskeletal chronic painAbstract Exposure to a specific pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) has been shown to produce analgesic (antinociceptive) effects in many organisms. In a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled clinical trial, patients with either chronic generalized pain from fibromyalgia (FM) or chronic localized musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain were exposed to a PEMF (400 microT) through a portable device fitted to their head during twice-daily 40 min treatments over seven days. The effect of this PEMF on pain reduction was recorded using a visual analogue scale. A differential effect of PEMF over sham treatment was noticed in patients with FM, which approached statistical significance (P=0.06) despite low numbers (n=17); … A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial using a low-frequency magnetic field in the treatment of musculoskeletal chronic painRead entry →
A randomized, sham-controlled, proof of principle study of transcranial direct current stimulation for the treatment of pain in fibromyalgiaAbstract OBJECTIVE: Recent evidence suggests that fibromyalgia is a disorder characterized by dysfunctional brain activity. Because transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can modulate brain activity noninvasively and can decrease pain in patients with refractory central pain, we hypothesized that tDCS treatment would result in pain relief in patients with fibromyalgia. METHODS: Thirty-two patients were randomized to receive sham stimulation or real tDCS with the anode centered over the primary motor cortex (M1) or the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) (2 mA for 20 minutes on 5 consecutive days). A blinded evaluator rated the patient’s pain, using the visual analog scale for … A randomized, sham-controlled, proof of principle study of transcranial direct current stimulation for the treatment of pain in fibromyalgiaRead entry →
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